Tuesday, February 12, 2008

How Harmful ARE Cousin Marriages? Duel of the “Experts”

There’s a story from The Daily Mail about a young woman who was forced to marry her much older cousin in Pakistan. A few months after the marriage ceremony she was sent back to the UK, where she had been born and educated, to find work so her cousin-husband could get a visa to leave Pakistan and live with her in the UK.

After she returned to Britain, she decided her only recourse was to run away to be with her true love. She now lives in fear of her family finding her and forcing her to return to the marriage, which took place in Pakistan.

It’s a dramatic story, full of stolen love and living in secret, but the theme is more pop-MSM than it is reality (however anxious the reality has become for the young woman):

Cousin marriageThese days Khaleda Begum, 25, hardly leaves the confines of her one-bedroom flat.

And when she does, her heart thumps and she looks over her shoulder in terror. For, in the eyes of her Muslim family, Khaleda has done the unthinkable.

Disgusted by her arranged marriage to a cousin - a suitor found for her by her father - she has fled her family home and now, fearful of reprisals, lives [with her British boyfriend] under police protection.

[…]

For Khaleda, who was born in Britain and took GCSEs and A-levels at her British school in the hope of becoming a teacher in this country, was forced by her father to go to Pakistan and marry his cousin - a man 20 years her senior, who spoke no English and whom she had never even met.

And according to Khaleda - who today, having escaped “the marriage from hell,” lives in hiding with her British partner, Phil - she is far from alone.

She says: “Virtually every Asian girl I have ever met has an arranged marriage and the vast majority of them are to their cousins.

“It is well known within the community that such marriages do produce deformed babies. No one talks about it, but it is one of the reasons why I found such a marriage to someone so closely related to myself to be so very repugnant.

“Just before I was forced to marry I heard of one of my cousins who’d been forced to marry her auntie’s son.

“They had a baby daughter who died and when they asked doctors why, they were told it was because of inter-breeding. They were told the parents were too closely related to have a normal baby.

“And this was just one of many instances I would hear of. Anyone who thinks it doesn’t happen is in denial. As I know from the most painful and personal experience, it is barbaric and unnatural.

“Marrying someone who is related to you - and being forced to do so - goes against all your natural urges. It is not racist to tell the truth. What I cannot understand is why it is allowed to go on in this country at all.”

Well, for someone with such a good education, Khaleda doesn’t seem to know much about history, especially royal history in Europe. They intermarried so frequently that recessive traits did become a problem. Hemophilia, in particular, was a scourge for a few, along with the famous Hapsburg lip:
- - - - - - - - -
Royals inbreedA well-known example of royal intermarriage and interrelation today is that of Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh (born a Prince of Greece and Denmark). Prince Philip is the son of Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark and Princess Alice of Battenberg, whose mother Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine and paternal grandfather, Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine, were both members of the same paternal family. Princess Alice’s father’s brother, Prince Henry of Battenberg, meanwhile, married Princess Beatrice (a daughter of Elizabeth II’s great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria). Their daughter, Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg married King Alfonso XIII of Spain, and her grandson, the present king, Juan Carlos, married Princess Sophia of Greece & Denmark, whose father was a cousin of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Alternatively, Queen Elizabeth’s great-great-grandfather, King Christian IX of Denmark, was also Prince Philip’s great-grandfather. They are also related several times through Princess Sophia, Electress of Hanover…

Got that? It all sounds very West Virginian to me.

How come this well-known breeding behavior of European royals fails to be mentioned either by Khaleda or those interviewing her?

Is this simply the latest “Henny-Penny-the-sky-is-falling” media circus? Now that global warming is a dying flame, do we need a new horror to contemplate? Obviously, to make cousin marriage a horror, one has to ignore history a bit.

So the latest fanciful fear becomes all the deformed babies that the “Asians” are having…[Pakistanis, that is. For some reason beyond my ken, the media - and even the people themselves - refer to Pakistani immigrants as Asians. What’s that about? Perhaps some Brit can tell us?]

Meanwhile, the politicians are getting on the bandwagon of this new frightening situation:

…Labour MP Ann Cryer, who represents Keighley, West Yorkshire…first raised the issue more than two years ago after research showed British Pakistanis were 13 times more likely to have children with recessive disorders than the general population.

On Radio 4’s Today programme yesterday, she said: “The vast majority of marriages in the Muslim community in Bradford, 80 per cent, are transcontinental.

“The vast majority of those are to cousins. Many of those do result in either infant mortality or in recessive disorders.”

Asked if the problem was recognised in the British Pakistani community, she said: “They are in denial. But I am hoping that now we have broken the silence, leaders will start to have a debate about it and perhaps even give advice and say ‘Look you can carry on marrying your cousins, but there is a price to pay’.

“The price to pay is often in either babies being born dead, babies being born very early and babies being born with very severe genetically transmitted disorders.

“This is a blight on that community, but particularly on specific families.”

Steve Jones, professor of genetics at University College London, backed the calls to raise public awareness. He said, in general, mortality and disability almost doubled among marriages between cousins.

But he warned that the risks should not be overstated, adding: “Let’s bear in mind that families like the Rothschilds married their cousins frequently.

“In Bradford, the Office of National Statistics says there is an increase of about five or so infant deaths a year because of cousin marriage, particularly among the Asian community there…”

Leaving aside consanguinity for the moment, let’s return to Khaleda’s dilemma:

“When I was about 12, I remember saying: ‘You won’t make me have an arranged marriage, will you?’ I’d begun to realise that many Asian women were forced to marry, even forced to marry their cousins.

“The thought of marrying someone I didn’t know, and someone who was related to me, was disgusting.”

Yet, as Khaleda reached her teens her father became stricter.

“I went to local state schools but unlike friends who went to parties and clubs, I knew that wasn’t our way. It didn’t bother me - I accepted our culture was different.

“Instead, I concentrated on my studies - I was in the top set for virtually every subject and enjoyed family parties at weekends.”

Having gained nine GCSEs with top grades, Khaleda left school at 16 to go to college to do A-levels in English literature, Urdu and computing. Later, aged 19, she began courses in book-keeping and childcare.

As fate would have it, being out in the real world, she fell in love with “Phil” - obviously not an ‘Asian’ name, hmm? Despite the impending marriage, she and Phil continued to see each other, defying her family custom in secret. But the wedding plans went on inexorably:

“I even used to hear my brothers rowing with my father about it. I would lie crying in bed, hearing them shout they didn’t want me to be forced into marriage. But my father didn’t listen to anyone.”

Worse, was Khaleda’s father’s choice of groom. “Haram, my husband-to-be, was my father’s cousin and about 20 years older than me.

“My brothers nicknamed him Fatso because he was so overweight. As he spoke no English and had always lived in Pakistan, his life was a world away from mine and I couldn’t imagine how my father could have matched me with him.

“By now, Phil and I were very much in love. We regularly met in secret and I saw my future with him, not with some ugly man who I’d never even met.

“I told my mother I couldn’t have an arranged marriage but she said I had no choice. I had no one to turn to. [my emphasis -D] I knew then that refusing to get married would bring enormous shame on my family and that if I did, I may live in fear of reprisals from my family for the rest of my life.”

A date was set for Khaleda’s £25,000 wedding in Pakistan in December 2004 and preparations began in earnest with enormous shopping sprees to buy the ornate clothes, jewellery, decorations and food for the ceremony.

The celebrations, including dancing and singing, would last for two weeks.

Here’s an interesting note that is left unexplained. In reciting her story of the journey to Pakistan and the elaborate preparations for her marriage she says:

On the day of the ceremony, held at the family home, a priest arrived. Khaleda, adorned in a gold wedding dress and surrounded by family and friends, sat with her husband beside her, choking back sobs. She had only ever seen him from a distance before.

“I couldn’t look at him,” she recalls. “I didn’t want to speak to him. As a little girl I’d always dreamed of a perfect wedding day. The sick reality was I was marrying a relative. It was a nightmare.

Notice that sentence: On the day of the ceremony, held at the family home, a priest arrived. Is this a Christian family? Anglican, perhaps? There’s no law in the UK against cousin marriages. There’s no law against it in most states of the USA. In fact, one of the few institutions objecting to this custom is the Catholic Church. The intermarriages in the “hollers” of West Virginia are the subject of many non-p.c. jokes - jests who purpose is to prove how low intelligence results from inbreeding.

At any rate, no one explains or elaborates on Khaleda’s use of the word “priest”, which obviously contradicts the description in the beginning that she is a Muslim. So why is there a priest in the picture? Is this an… ummm, ecumenical marriage? We never find out.

We do know how unhappy she was, and why:

“My worst nightmare was that I would get pregnant,” she says. “But it wasn’t only the thought of having a baby with Haram that revolted me, I was simply terrified that any baby would be terribly deformed or even stillborn.”

Research has shown that babies born to cousins are twice as likely to suffer a birth defect than one born to a couple who are not related. While the risk is lowered if someone marries their father’s cousin, it is still “reasonably high,” an expert said.

So Khaleda refused to sleep with her husband and her whole family refused to speak to her.

Finally Khaleda takes off to be with Phil, but the author never tells us who this “expert” is who predicts “reasonably high” birth defects. Instead, the story continues with Khaleda’s desperate escape from her family and the forced marriage. She rejoins Phil and they flee to France for awhile, eventually returning to the UK.

They must have settled in the neighborhood since Khaleda’s family comes around threatening them. The police intervene and they establish a safe house for the couple - safe from the family, a house wired to an alarm at the police station. Unfortunately, family members come upon a friend of Phil’s and threaten him when he refuses to reveal the couple’s whereabouts.

So we are back to the beginning of the story, with some additional understanding of her circumstances:

These days Khaleda Begum, 25, hardly leaves the confines of her one-bedroom flat.

And when she does, her heart thumps and she looks over her shoulder in terror. For, in the eyes of her Muslim family, Khaleda has done the unthinkable…

[…]

Sadly, Khaleda’s future is far from clear. She longs to marry Phil but is still legally wed to Haram.

“I desperately want a divorce but I am too frightened to make contact,” she says. “And as for my career, well, I am too scared even to pursue my dream as a teacher.”

And so another young Muslim woman’s life is ruined by this outdated practice. Just how many more babies will have to be born deformed, or even dead, before it is finally stopped?

A dramatic rhetorical flourish and the tale is done.

Except it’s not.

Let’s run down some of the assumptions here:

Despite Khaleda’s fear, cousin marriages are not really that genetically risky. At least not if you avoid the European royalty’s experience of generations of inbreeding. That goes for the folks in the hollows of West Virginia, too. So do Pakistani families intermarry at the same rate as those two groups? No one tells us. The story only deals with two generations and lots of alarming generalizations, and fails to point out that Khaleda’s husband is not her first cousin at all. He is her first cousin once removed. Big difference genetically.

I can see her not wanting to marry a fat stranger whom she finds unattractive. I can see why she chafes at the restrictions. Her foolish parents sent her out into a British world to be educated and then tried to rein her back into the folkways of “home.” Definitely a recipe for intergenerational disaster:

“While I know I made the right decision to leave, I have lost all my confidence and I am frightened that a relative will see me and find out where I am, and there could be reprisals,” she says.

“Sometimes I just sit and cry and I’ve since been prescribed anti-depressants by my GP.

“I feel so guilty at the shame I know my family has suffered and not a day goes by when I don’t wonder how my mother is. I miss them so much.

“Even as a Muslim I have no idea why families want to intermarry like this. I can only think it is to keep wealth within the family. But unless this practice is outlawed, more young Muslim women like me will have their lives ruined.”

Khaleda’s life is not “ruined.” It is merely complicated.

A lawyer could represent her at a divorce. She need not be present. Or they could adjudicate a decision in which her situation is declared so dangerous that she gets to change her identity and start over somewhere else. I helped an American woman do that once, with the gracious aid of an attorney working pro bono.

If she hasn’t the spine for that step yet - and it takes nerve for a young person to defy their family traditions - she and Phil could certainly move to another part of the UK, one where she could teach and they could have a normal life. It is not hard to cover your tracks in Britain.

But staying in the vicinity of her family while she takes anti-depressants and lives with on-going anxiety is not doing anyone a favor. At the very least such a decision harms her health and perhaps strains her relationship with Phil.

Throughout her story Khaleda has not mentioned violence directed toward her. In that she is fortunate. There are thousands of ‘Asian’ women who face forced marriages and violence, according to police chiefs:

Up to 17,000 women in Britain are being subjected to “honour” related violence, including murder, every year, according to police chiefs.

And official figures on forced marriages are the tip of the iceberg, says the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO).

It warns that the number of girls falling victim to forced marriages, kidnappings, sexual assaults, beatings and even murder by relatives intent on upholding the “honour” of their family is up to 35 times higher than official figures suggest.

The crisis, with children as young as 11 having been sent abroad to be married, has prompted the Foreign and Commonwealth Office to call on British consular staff in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan to take more action to identify and help British citizens believed to be the victims of forced marriages in recent years.

The Home Office is drawing up an action plan to tackle honour-based violence which “aims to improve the response of police and other agencies” and “ensure that victims are encouraged to come forward with the knowledge that they will receive the help and support they need”. And a Civil Protection Bill coming into effect later this year will give courts greater guidance on dealing with forced marriages.

Commander Steve Allen, head of ACPO’s honour-based violence unit, says the true toll of people falling victim to brutal ancient customs is “massively unreported” and far worse than is traditionally accepted. “We work on a figure which suggests it is about 500 cases shared between us and the Forced Marriage Unit per year,” he said: “If the generally accepted statistic is that a victim will suffer 35 experiences of domestic violence before they report, then I suspect if you multiplied our reporting by 35 times you may be somewhere near where people’s experience is at.” His disturbing assessment, made to a committee of MPs last week, comes amid a series of gruesome murders and attacks on British women at the hands of their relatives.

Marilyn Mornington, a district judge and chair of the Domestic Violence Working Group, warned that fears of retribution, and the authorities’ failure to understand the problem completely, meant the vast majority of victims were still too scared to come forward for help. In evidence to the home affairs committee, which is investigating the problem, she said: “We need a national strategy to identify the large number of pupils, particularly girls, missing from school registers who have been taken off the register and are said to be home schooled, which leads to these issues. Airport staff and other staff need to be trained to recognise girls who are being taken out of the country.

That article cited from The Independent, has statistics and anecdotal information, horror stories of honour killings, degradation, and the like. By comparison, Khaleda has gotten off lightly.

And it sounds like “the system” is ratcheting up an effective response to the problem of “honor” marriages, i.e., life-long relationships forced on women who are truly trapped.

It’s not a case of kissing cousins being the problem here, it’s a bad cultural dynamic in which people are forced into relationships with strangers they come to loathe. Yes, it’s true, despite what the elites proclaim to the contrary: not all cultures are equally healthy. Being a woman in a Muslim culture is definitely not a benign situation.

But marrying your cousin? It isn’t a big deal, unless your family has been doing it for generations. John Stossel cites a study funded by the National Society of Genetic Counselors:

[It] revealed that assumptions about cousin marriage are unfounded. The risks of birth defects or mental retardation are 2 or 3 percent higher among married cousins, but other parental risk factors are higher. Age, for example, increases the risk much more: There’s a 6 to 8 percent chance that a woman over 40 will give birth to a child with birth defects.

It would be ridiculous, however, to prohibit middle-aged women from having children. It’s equally wrong to prohibit cousins from marrying. There are risks and challenges in any marriage, but it should not be for politicians to decide such intimate matters as whether you get to marry the person you love. Love, marriage and procreation are personal choices better not left to “experts” who are often repeating myths.

Stossel points out a definite downside to cousin-marriage: divorce. You can divorce your spouse, but there you both are, still in the same family…thus your aunt may not be your mother-in-law anymore, but she’s still Aunt Sally. How do you deal with that?

It’s enough to make any cousin hesitate…


Hat tip: Weasel Zippers

19 comments:

Joanne said...

Apparently, Canadians working in Iran awhile back had stated that what really shocked them in Iran was the amount of incest. I think Muslims marrying their cousins is just the tip of the iceberg.

Dave R. said...

Children of first cousins are twice as likely to be born with birth defects: 4-6%, up from 2-3% for children of non-related parents, from a website sympathetic to cousin marriage. http://www.cousincouples.com/?page=facts

Children of first cousins are more than twice as likely to die as infants than children of non-related parents (but I could not find the base chance). http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/09/070925132335.htm

There you go, that's how harmful cousin marriages are.

Forgive me, but I could not find a very profound point in this blog entry. Taken individually, I suppose you could say the prejudice against cousin marriage is overblown, and any two cousins can just take their chances. Taking, say, a thousand children of cousin marriages at a time, and the costs of the unnecessary deaths and disabilities (20 to 30 extra birth defects, and lets say 10 to 20 extra deaths), then the prejudice against cousin marriage starts to look like it serves a very functional, rational purpose.

You are correct that the UK and many US states do not prohibit first cousin marriages, but I would say that works in part because we are still coasting on the centuries-long work of the Catholic church in opposing it and instilling prejudice against it. Why legislate as long as civil society can solve a problem for you?

You point to the historical occurence of royal inbreeding as some fatal flaw in the article you quote, but again I fail to follow your logic. Newspaper interviewees are lucky to be quoted at length at all, much less given the chance to footnote their opinions and allow for exceptions.

A more important lesson from European royalty is not that cousin marriage has happened before but that the risks of cousin marriage increase in populations that are already inbred. This is relevant to the discussion of muslim inbreeding since in some countries as many as 50% of marriages are between first or second cousins, running in tribal or clan lines, for purposes of not dividing inheritances or loyalties. (http://www.isteve.com/cousin_marriage_conundrum.htm) These numbers have held or even increased among European muslim immigrants since family reunification laws provide an incentive to get your cousin in by making him your son-in-law.

John Williams said...

The underlying current is the concept of "honor", where having a son or daughter (especially the daughter, who is often expected to be absolutely subservient to her father and/or husband) disobey your commands (where your word is usually considered final) is considered to be a blow to your family's "honor".....or, as I like to call it, "ego".

Of course you are not going to be left impotent as your darling daughter ignores your command for her to marry your fat, lazy and generally dull-witted cousin back home (who couldn't get a woman on his own at any rate) and instead chooses to run off with a fine strapping infidel. You are going to settle the issue by eliminating the thing that bruised your sore ego.

And that's how Honor Killings take place. The husband/brother's ego was given a swift kick in the Johnnies and something had to be done about it.

James Higham said...

You've taken this far futher than I did and I've updated. Excellent article here.

rana karimzadeh said...

Försvenskade imamer – nej tack!
Om den senaste diskussionen kring imamutbildning
Stöd våra protestkrav – underteckna vår namninsamling
Nu var den dags för det årliga utspelet kring ”imamutbildningen” och det kom också. Vi har Lars Lejonborg att tacka det för. Efter några omgångar är nuförtiden problematiken och de inbäddade elementerna är mer än välbekanta. Vem är de som ska utbildas? Handlar utbildningen även den kontroversiella religiösa delen också eller är det bara mycket väsen för en språkutbildning? Vilka problem siktar man att lösa? Vem gynnas och hur? Vi vill påstå att hela förslaget gynnar den islamiska rörelsen och däremot skadar samhället och i synnerhet barn och kvinnor inom invandrarfamiljer. Det går tvärt emot det moderna och sekulära samhällets principer. Förslaget måste läggas på is, för alltid.
http://nej-tack.blogspot.com

Anonymous said...

Dymphna-

On the usage of 'Asians' as opposed to 'Pakistanis'

'Asian' is a catch all term used in British media to describe any who come from India, or the 'Asian' Sub Continent, regardless of the obvious fact that 'Asian' isn't exactly precise when referring to any particular place on either continent. The term is used as a device to distract focus upon any particular ethnic or national grouping within that frame of reference in order to allay any specific prejudice or reaction toward that specific community. It's another, rather annoying, example of the PC mindset.

Insofar as the general populations' usage of the term is concerned, you would probably find that this was only the case among the more PC minded of them. In my experience, just about any 'brown' person is lumped with the assumption of Pakistani nationality, which says a lot more about how utterly ignorant our general population is with regard to the difference between, for example, a Pakistani and a Sri Lankan. A few thousand miles, I believe, but geography never got in the way of a good stereotype when it came to 'one of that lot.'

In either case, it never does any good when it comes to specifics: An uber PC media who won't stick a pin in the map and 'name names,' as it were, or a general populace who really couldn't give a toss because 'Paki' is just too easy an epithet to toss out when it comes to abusing some poor, brown sod who, just possibly, has a good reason not to like Pakistanis.

In either case, rather a lot of people who don't come from Pakistan, who have no love for Pakistan, are getting labelled as Pakistanis because our press are too PC or lazy, our population are too PC, lazy, or downright thick as two short planks, to make that distinction.

I've found that many non Pakistani people are getting fed up with the formula that determines: "Brown=Asian=Pakistani"

Anonymous said...

Despite Khaleda’s fear, cousin marriages are not really that genetically risky. At least not if you avoid the European royalty’s experience of generations of inbreeding. That goes for the folks in the hollows of West Virginia, too. So do Pakistani families intermarry at the same rate as those two groups? No one tells us.

It's true that for a Westerner to marry one's cousin, the risks of having a child(ren) with some sort of genetic disorder is not that great because our rates of inbreeding are very low.

The situation for Pakistanis is exactly the opposite. Not only do they regularly marry their cousins, the Pakistani rate of cousin marriage is much, MUCH higher than for those populations in W. Virginia and even the European royal families (who, btw, have frequently brought in "fresh blood" to their gene pool as exemplified by Princess Diana).

The current (1990/91) rate of cousin marriage in Pakistan is 61.2% -- so a little over 3 out of every 5 marriages in Pakistan are to a first or second cousin (usually first).

For Pakistanis in Britain, the rate is anywhere between 55%-75%.

These are some of the highest consanguineous marriage rates in the world.

It's very possible that Pakistanis have been practicing institutionalised cousin marriage since before the arrival of Islam to that area of the world.

So, for the Pakistani community, birth defects from recessive genes is a real problem and will, no doubt, be an added expense to the UK's health care (including long-term) system.

The greater problem for the West is that because Pakistanis (and many other Muslim immigrant groups) practice institutionalised cousin marriage, these groups are not integrating well and are even hostile toward the broader, Western society.

Institutionalised cousin marriage leads to "clannishness" or tribalism which leads to extended-familial clans constantly warring with each other (picture the Hatfields and McCoys -- or groups in Pakistan or Afghanistan). Because populations that inbreed extensively are so "clannish", they do not -- and will not -- integrate well.

I've explained these concepts more fully on my blog.

See also Steve Sailer's "Cousin marriage conundrum", Randall Parker's "Consanguinity prevents Middle Eastern political development", and Stanley Kurtz's "Assimilation Studies" part I and part II.

Anonymous said...

The problem with the cousin-bride and cousin-groom marriages is the importation of hundreds of thousands of Muslim spouses per year into Britain and Europe. This is on top of the massive Muslims birth rates. This practice, not just birth rates, is what's causing the rapid Islamization of Europe. The British may not be able to ban spouse importation, (as that would be "racist"), but if they banned first cousin marriages, it would accomplish nearly the same thing. So therefore I'd be in favor of banning cousin-marriages.

PS -- Philip is also related to Queen Elizabeth through Queen Victoria: they are both great-great grandchildren of Victoria and Albert. And Philip's mother Alice of Battenberg, whose parents were first cousins once removed, was born deaf. Her cousin Victoria Eugenia of Spain (who was in fact Alice's triple cousin -- work that one out) also had a deaf child, as well as two hemophilliac sons.

Pangloss said...

The problem with Muslim-style consanguineous cousin marriage can be seen in this map.

As I wrote elsewhere:
Arab Muslim kinship is unusual among the peoples of the Earth in that they typically marry within the lineage. A man will prefer to marry his father’s brother’s daughter. This is called consanguineous marriage, because it is within the same bloodline or lineage. Because both man and wife marry within the same lineage they grew up in and raise their children in the same lineage, they are less likely to develop close ties with each other than if one was in a strange place. Both husband and wife already have long-standing support systems in the lineage. The woman is less likely to be divorced by her husband (because he won’t be allowed by his kin to divorce her), and she and the children will be protected by his and her kin if she is divorced or widowed. She will probably end up married to one of his brothers as a second or third wife. It is a very stable system for lineages, but less stable for societies. The rate of consanguineous marriage is between 30% and 80% in the Arab world. This makes the lineage more important than anything to Arabs. It also explains veiling, and the bandit tribe nature of Arab ruling families, but that’s another issue.

Compare this to the old European standard form of cousin marriage. A man of old Europe would have preferred to marry his father’s sister’s daughter or his mother’s brother’s daughter. Since intermarriage between clans was often used to patch up disputes, it became the standard thing. Wives would leave their family and bear children into the lineage of their husbands. A woman’s brother’s children were not therefore of the same lineage as hers. And the result of this sort of marriage over time is that the lineage has not the same central importance as it has in a consanguineous system. Clan and tribe ties were looser and reached further, and this tended to encourage the development of nations where all felt a real sense of brotherhood and family that permeated all the strata of society.

PRCalDude said...

Marriage to first cousins is known to lower IQ and increase birth defects. Stossel wrote a column for Townhall.com a few years ago discussing this, but if first-cousin marriage is so widespread throughout the world, it's probably a contributing factor to why the rest of the world, and especially the tribal parts of the world, is so screwed up.

I'm not sure what the point of this article and commentary is.

Anonymous said...

Interesting, Pangloss! Thanks for posting. I hadn't seen your ideas on this before. Very interesting, indeed!

Anonymous said...

rana karimzadeh said...

Rana - kan du ikke skrive din kommentar på engelsk. Selvom jeg tror der er mange svenske gæster på disse sider ville det være mere hensigtsmæssigt med engelsksprogede kommentarer. Dine pointer og spørgsmål er gode :o)

Rana - please leave your comments in english so that everybody can understand them. Your comments about the new imam education in Sweden contains some good questions and points. Especially because of your background.

Fortress said...

As cold blooded as this is going to sound, let it happen.

Lack of Vitamin D due to covering up in black all the time and no sun? Let it happen.

Birth defects/deaths due to a mass incest problem? Let it happen.

In the end, we may not have to worry about as much as we think we do if they continue on this path.

Pangloss said...

daughter of erin (or hibernia girl, whichever you prefer):

The real eye opener for me was the map that I linked. It represents the occurrence of consanguineous marriage, but what the counterjihadist will notice is that it also shows the most violent jihad nations in the darkest colors. The two are remarkably closely correlated.

PRCalDude said...

I hate to be a fly in the ointment (or do I?), but the areas with the most cousin marriage also coincide pretty nicely with the areas of lowest IQ.

mikej said...

Here's an 2003 American Conservative piece on cousin marriage by Steve Sailer subtitled, "The ancient practice discourages democratic nation-building." While acknowledging the genetic dangers, Sailer states that the primary danger of customary cousin marriage is political. If we married our first cousins, we'd have a society like that of Iraq. Needless to say, the piece does not inspire optimism for our project of imposing a replica of the French government on Iraq.

Anonymous said...

Pangloss: The real eye opener for me was the map that I linked.

Yup! It was an eye-opener for me, too. The patterns really pop out at you, don't they?

There's a very interesting article by a Russian anthropologist -- Andrey Korotayev -- "Parallel-Cousin (FBD Marriage, Islamization, and Arabization" -- in which he shows that the area of the world nowadays which has institutionalised FBD marriage maps almost exactly onto the 8th century caliphate (except for Spain).

He points out that FBD marriage in the region -- in the Middle East and Arab areas -- actually predates Islam:

"At the time of its origin, FBD marriage had nothing to do with Islam. The cognitive problem solution seems to have occurred somewhere in the Syro-Palestine region well before the birth of Christ. Rodionov (1999) has recently drawn attention to the fact that this marriage pattern is widespread in the non-Islamic cultures of this area (e.g., Maronites or Druze) and that it has considerable functional value in this non-Islamic context in facilitating the division of property among brothers after their father's death (Rodionov 1999). Like Rodionov (1999), I believe that this marriage pattern could hardly be attributed to Islamic or Arab influence here. It seems, rather, that this marriage pattern in the Islamic world and the non-Islamic Syro-Palestinian cultures stems from the same source.

"But prior to the time of Islam, the diffusion of the FBD marriage pattern was rather limited. The only adjacent area where it diffused widely was the Arabian Peninsula (Negrja 1981; Kudelin 1994), where its diffusion can be linked with a considerable Jewish influence in the area well before Islam (Crone 1987; Korotayev 1996; Korotayev, Klimenko, and Proussakov 1999). In any case, by the seventh century, preferential parallel-cousin marriage became quite common among several important Arab tribes (Negrja 1981; Kudelin 1994). In the seventh and eighth centuries, an explosive diffusion of this pattern took place when Arab tribes, backed by Islam, spread throughout the whole of the Omayyid Khalifate. Although preferential parallel-cousin marriage diffused (together with Islam and Arabs) later beyond the borders of the Omayyid Khalifate, the extent of this diffusion was very limited. Hence, the present distribution of FBD marriage was essentially created by the Muslim Arab conquests of the seventh and eighth centuries. The strong correlation between the degree of the Islamization and the presence of FBD marriages is to a considerable extent a product of network autocorrelation produced by the Arab-Islamic historical context."


Following Sailer's and Parker's ideas about FBD cousin-marriage giving rise sentiments of "tribalism" in these populations, I think that the aggressive, "tribalistic" nature of Islam in these areas of the world is actually a result of the mating patterns in these populations.

(I have a text copy of the Korotayev article if anyone's interested in reading it.)

Anonymous said...

prcaldude: I hate to be a fly in the ointment (or do I?), but the areas with the most cousin marriage also coincide pretty nicely with the areas of lowest IQ.

Yes, they do. Extensive inbreeding does also lead to IQ depression from what I understand. :-/

Zenster said...

While Hibernia Girl properly notes how consanguinious marriage leads to "clannishness", it also has another exceptionally deleterious effect. Cousin marriage also serves as an extreme inhibition to assimilation. There is nothing like marrying someone from another culture to help dilute tribalism.

At day's end, I shall be less than surprised if it turns out that consanguinious marriage promotes both a genetic predisposition for violent behavior and enhances susceptibility to programming or indoctrination. Combined with the existing propensity for mental retardation, this would go a long way towards explaining the savage, robotic and Neanderthal Muslim mindset.

David: In the end, we may not have to worry about as much as we think we do if they continue on this path.

Sorry, pal. The West has no such luxury as waiting around for moronic Muslim marriage traditions to take their toll. By the time retrogressive genetics have done enough damage, far too many of our cities will be glowing slagheaps. Islam needs its butt kicked right now by way of military force without any waiting around for the long-term emergence of ingrained recessive traits.

We already have a sufficient quota of mentally deranged Islamic wingnuts trundling about in their bomb vests. Their DNA algae will never grow fast enough to clog the filters in time. What Islam's gene pool requires is several closely spaced shock chlorinations.